Theories of nursing

Theories of nursing HLTEN508B – Apply reflective practice, critical thinking and analysis in health. Pre-unit reading and preparation Nursing theorists and theories Henderson The Nature of Nursing Model Introduced The Nature of Nursing Model. She identified fourteen basic needs. She proposed that role of the nurse is to assist the patients during when they are sick or well, in recovery and rehabilitation. She believed that nursing involves assisting the client in gaining independence as quickly as possible or assisting them to achieve peaceful death if recovery is no longer possible (Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2014). Roper A Model for Nursing Based on a Model of Living This model incorporates a life span approach, where the characteristics of the person are considered with respect to prior development, current level of development, and likely future development. In combination with the life span approach an independence/dependence category used. The model then incorporates a set of twelve activities of living (ADLs), which represent activities engaged in by individuals whether sick or well. Orem Self-Care Deficit Theory Defined nursing as â€Å"The act of assisting others in the provision and management of self-care to maintain/improve human functioning at home level of effectiveness.† (Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2014). Focuses on activities that adult individuals perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health and well-being. Has a strong health promotion and focus. Identified 3 related concepts: Self-care, Health and Nursing System Peplau Theory of Interpersonal Relations Defined nursing as â€Å"An interpersonal process of therapeutic interactions between an Individual who is sick or in need of health services and a nurse especially educated to recognize, respond to the need for help (Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2014). Nursing is a â€Å"maturing force and an educative instrument† Identified 4 phases of the Nurse Patient relationship Watson The Philosophy and Science of Caring Nursing is concerned with promotion health, preventing illness, caring for the sick, and restoring health. She defined caring as a nurturing way or responding the needs of a client. Caring accepts the person as what he/she may become in a caring environment (Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2014). Abdellah Twenty One Nursing Problems Established 21 problem areas to guide care and promote the use of nursing judgement. Introduced Patient – Centered Approaches to nursing model She defined nursing as service to individual and families; therefore the society. Furthermore, she theorized nursing as â€Å"an art and a science that moulds the attitudes, intellectual competencies and technical skills of the individual nurse into the desire and ability to help people, sick or well, and cope with their health needs† (Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, 2014). Explain the difference between a theory and a model? A theory is a group of related concepts that propose action that guide practice. Theories are composed of concepts, definitions, models, propositions and are based on assumptions. Whereas models, are representations that allow the concepts in nursing theory to be successfully applied to nursing practice. They may demonstrate how theory can be introduced into practice, for example, through the specific methods of assessment. What are the common themes in nursing theorist’s views on caring? Four concepts common in nursing theory that influence and determine nursing practice are: The person (patient) The environment Health Nursing (goals, roles, functions) What are the age and gender issues facing nurses today? Nursing in a male-dominated world Nursing is dominated by females and if often regarded as an oppressed profession. This gendered hierarchy of women in lower roles emphasizes male domination and marginalization of women in society (Cordon, 2014). The unequal power balance between physicians and nurses has resulted in nurses lacking the confidence to question doctors decisions and not speaking up in the workplace. Reason for this includes fearing conflict and stress (Cordon, 2014). Gender discrimination Nursing, in the past, has been seen as womens work because it is a caregiver role. Due to this, men who enter nursing may face with barriers and discrimination. For example, men who enter the nursing profession may be perceived as more feminine†. Male nurses may face the perception that they are gay (Cordon, 2014). Male nursing students or graduate nurses may also have less male role models in the profession as it is largely dominated by females. While both men and women in the nursing profession can be excellent clinical mentors, the male nurse may have some issues that he cannot comfortably discuss with female colleagues (Cordon, 2014). In the field of health define the following terms: a) Best practice Refers to nursing practices that are based on the â€Å"best evidence† available from nursing research. The goal of â€Å"best practices† is to apply the most recent, relevant, and helpful nursing interventions, based on research, in real-life practice. b) Philosophy The philosophy of healthcare is the study of ethics, processes and people which establish the maintenance of the health for human beings. c) Vision An aspirational description of what an organization would like to achieve or accomplish in future. d) Mission statement – A formal summary of the aims and values of an organization, or individual. How do the following Professional Standards of Practice apply to you as an Enrolled Nurse? a) ANMC code of conduct These are the principles guiding behaviour between colleagues, between staff and those receiving care. The Department of Health places high importance on maintaining patient confidentiality and protecting privacy and as enrolled nurses we must follow these standards to ensure that all sensitive documents including patients case notes are stored in a safe and secure area and discussions of personal information about clients/patients do not occur. b) ANMC code of ethics It is essential and important, as enrolled nurses, to ensure that the relationship between a patient/client and a health professional is safe, helpful and therapeutic and is always within professional boundaries as determined by the Code of Ethics. Standards include identifying the fundamental moral commitments of the profession, reflection on ethical conduct for professional and self-development and ethical practice. c) ANMC national Enrolled/Division 2 nurse competency standards The national competency standards for the enrolled nurse are the core competency standards by which your performance may be assessed to retain your license to practice as an enrolled nurse in Australia. As an enrolled nurse, these core competency standards provide you with the framework for assessing your competence. d) State/Territory Nurse Regulatory Nurses Act The state and territory nursing and midwifery authorities (NMRAs) to produce national standards – an integral component of the regulatory framework to help enrolled nurses and midwives deliver safe and competent care. It also keeps the public safe by ensuring the services they will receive are from competent nurses. e) State/Territory Nursing and Midwifery Regulatory Authority Standards of Practice The state and territory nursing and midwifery authorities (NMRAs) to produce national standards – an integral component of the regulatory framework to help enrolled nurses and midwives deliver safe and competent care. f) Scope of Practice decision making framework The Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA) has endorsed national decision-making frameworks for both nurses and midwives. As enrolled nurses, these two flowcharts will assist us in our professional decision making through a structured and transparent process. It also provides us with and an evidence-based process (approved by the regulatory authority) in our decision-making that we may use in support/defence of our decisions should we be required to provide it. REFERENCE i. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Virginia Henderson Bibliography: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, (2014). Virginia Henderson. [online] Available at: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/virginia-henderson.html [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. ii. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Dorothea E. Orem Bibliography: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, (2014). Dorothea E. Orem. [online] Available at: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/dorothea-e-orem.html [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. iii. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Hildegard E. Peplau Bibliography: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, (2014). Hildegard E. Peplau. [online] Available at: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/hildegard-e-peplau.html [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. iv. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Jean Watson Bibliography: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, (2014). Jean Watson. [online] Available at: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/jean-watson.html [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. v. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Faye G. Abdellah Bibliography: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing, (2014). Faye G. Abdellah. [online] Available at: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/faye-g-abdellah.html [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. vi. Cordon, C. Structural Inequality and Diversity in Nursing | Minority Nurse Bibliography: Cordon, C. (2014). Structural Inequality and Diversity in Nursing | Minority Nurse. [online] Minoritynurse.com. Available at: http://www.minoritynurse.com/article/structural-inequality-and-diversity-nursing [Accessed 15 Jul. 2014]. Tabbner’s Nursing Care: Theory and Practice Tabbner’s Nursing Care 5th Edition: Rita Funnell, Gabrielle Koutoukidis, Karen Lawrence (2009)

Threat of Global Warming Essay example -- essays research papers

Threat of Global Warming There are two burning questions that I feel need to be answered before exploring the aspects of global warming. They are what is the greenhouse effect and how does the green house effect contribute to global warming? Gases in the atmosphere are transparent to visible light but absorb infrared (heat) waves that are reradiated from the earth’s surface (Cunningham, Cunningham, Saigo 05). However, some greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere when solid waste, fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), wood and wood products are burned. Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil and the raising of livestock. The atmosphere, when loosely compared to the glass of a greenhouse, transmits sunlight while trapping heat inside is called the green house effect. The greenhouse effect is a natural atmospheric process that is necessary for life, as we know it. Too strong of a greenhouse effect that is caused by the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, may cause harmful environmental change. The greenhouse effect is only troublesome when it gets too strong and warms things too much. And that’s just what scientists say has happened over the last 150 years or so as the people of industrialized nations have extracted Earth’s vast buried stores of fossil fuels and burned them. Each greenhouse gas differs in its ability to absorb heat in the atmosphere. Methane traps over 21 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide absorbs 27... ...appen if deforestation stopped entirely? Would the greenhouse effect stop immediately or would it take many, many years? We as humans are smart enough to stop doing things that will ultimately destroy human kind. Aren’t we? More studies must be done to find a definitive answer in order to save mankind. Or is this the way that history dictates that in this one million years global warming is inevitable? Works Cited Discovery Channel. 2005. Global Warming.discoverychannel.org. EPA. 2006. U.S. Department of State website. Epa.gov/globalwarming.org. Science Express, 30 September 2004 Knutson, Thomas R. and Tuleya, Robert, Journal of Climate, vol. 17, pp. 3477-3495. Geophysical Research Letters, September 22, 2004. Cunningham, W.P. Cunningham, M.A. and Saigo, B.W., Environmental Science, A Global Concern, ninth ed., publisher, 2005. Threat of Global Warming Essay example -- essays research papers Threat of Global Warming There are two burning questions that I feel need to be answered before exploring the aspects of global warming. They are what is the greenhouse effect and how does the green house effect contribute to global warming? Gases in the atmosphere are transparent to visible light but absorb infrared (heat) waves that are reradiated from the earth’s surface (Cunningham, Cunningham, Saigo 05). However, some greenhouse gases occur naturally in the atmosphere, while others result from human activities. Naturally occurring greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Carbon dioxide is released to the atmosphere when solid waste, fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), wood and wood products are burned. Methane is emitted during the production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil and the raising of livestock. The atmosphere, when loosely compared to the glass of a greenhouse, transmits sunlight while trapping heat inside is called the green house effect. The greenhouse effect is a natural atmospheric process that is necessary for life, as we know it. Too strong of a greenhouse effect that is caused by the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, may cause harmful environmental change. The greenhouse effect is only troublesome when it gets too strong and warms things too much. And that’s just what scientists say has happened over the last 150 years or so as the people of industrialized nations have extracted Earth’s vast buried stores of fossil fuels and burned them. Each greenhouse gas differs in its ability to absorb heat in the atmosphere. Methane traps over 21 times more heat per molecule than carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide absorbs 27... ...appen if deforestation stopped entirely? Would the greenhouse effect stop immediately or would it take many, many years? We as humans are smart enough to stop doing things that will ultimately destroy human kind. Aren’t we? More studies must be done to find a definitive answer in order to save mankind. Or is this the way that history dictates that in this one million years global warming is inevitable? Works Cited Discovery Channel. 2005. Global Warming.discoverychannel.org. EPA. 2006. U.S. Department of State website. Epa.gov/globalwarming.org. Science Express, 30 September 2004 Knutson, Thomas R. and Tuleya, Robert, Journal of Climate, vol. 17, pp. 3477-3495. Geophysical Research Letters, September 22, 2004. Cunningham, W.P. Cunningham, M.A. and Saigo, B.W., Environmental Science, A Global Concern, ninth ed., publisher, 2005.

Ethical Self-Assessment

Healthcare professionals are faced with making multi-faceted decisions on a daily basis. These decisions are not just limited to clinical matters, but they include the total patient care experience. Because of emerging healthcare trends and complex health law and ethics, it is imperative that healthcare administrators have a professional organization that they can belong to. â€Å"The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) is an international professional society of more than 35,000 healthcare executives who lead hospitals, healthcare systems and other healthcare organizations.ACHE is known for its prestigious FACHE ® credential, signifying board certification in healthcare management, and its educational programs including the annual Congress on Healthcare Leadership† (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ). The Ethics Self–Assessment Tool and Individual Decision Making The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) provides an ethics self -assessment which is made up of thought-provoking questions to serve as a moral compass using the ACHE Code of Ethics as its basis.No matter what your role in the healthcare system, the self-assessment provides a standard for various healthcare relationships including, â€Å"Community, Board, Colleagues, Staff, Clinicians, Buyers, Payors and Suppliers. † (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ). Any questions that were not answered with â€Å"always,† identified an area of weakness in which ethics were being compromised. The first lesson learned is that there are numerous situations where healthcare professionals may believe they are being ethical, but the assessment provides examples that some decisions being made are unethical.This gap away from being completely ethical occurs because professional decisions are often influenced by individual ethics. Identifying these gaps allow healthcare administrators to make necessary steps to improve the method in whic h they make decisions. Another lesson learned is the importance of having a tool to compare your organization’s level of ethics to the code of ethics. Paying special attention to minimize outside influences, will allow you to make complex ethical decisions at all times which will promote consistency throughout all team members and the organization.The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE), has a strong impact on ethical decision making because they focus on the â€Å"entire being† of the healthcare professional. For example, in ACHE’s preamble of The Code of Ethics it states, â€Å"In fulfilling their commitments and obligations to patients or others served, healthcare executives function as moral advocates and models. † Imagine, when a healthcare administrator recites these few words, he cannot help but acknowledge the depth of his commitment and the high level of morality that is expected from him.Because of the vast number of complex ethical dilemmas that arise, ACHE further promotes the value and importance of strong ethical decision making in ACHE’s Ethics Toolkit. â€Å"When the ethical guidelines are not enough, when there is uncertainty about the proper ethical approach, and when there is a need to develop additional ethical guidelines. ACHE’s Ethics Toolkit provides tools for developing both parts of an ethical culture. † (American College of Healthcare Executives, n. d. ).Influence of Individual Ethics on Decision Making. When it comes to the modern decisions in today’s healthcare system, it is important to be able to identify problems and opportunities and choose the best course of action for the greater good. A strong ethical background helps individuals make the right decision although it may be unpopular. â€Å"Aristotle (Summers, 2009) also teaches about morality when explains how to apply ethics to daily living. Through the idea of practical wisdom and eudemonia, he makes us aw are of the need to apply ethics and behave in a moral way.We develop our moral character so that we use our knowledge of ethics to address challenging new situations. Ethical principles become the center of our lives and we apply them as virtue-centered administrators. † Strategies to Improve Decision Making in the Future The opportunities that being a member of The American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) has afforded healthcare professionals, is one that is here to stay. Healthcare administration is a profession that continually evolves with time. Because of the advances in medicine, people are living longer and have a better quality of life.The current self-assessment tools are quickly improving and making it easier for healthcare professionals to obtain the data needed to make prompt ethical decisions. It is important to remember that as a healthcare professional, one must present all of the facts to a patient and preserve his right of autonomy. It is within the co de of ethics that healthcare professionals are not to impose their will on someone else. Remember, to carry out â€Å"the four ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. †

The Sociological Imagination - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 406 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2018/12/27 Category Sociology Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Life Essay Did you like this example? What C.W. Mills characterized as sociological imagination is the acknowledgment that what occurs in a persons life and may seem not to involve others, actually affect the society and really reflect substantially more extensive public issues. Human conduct and history shapes society, and also can hurt the society and non can be well comprehended without the other. I have constantly been inspired to end up noticeably as an author from the time I got a pencil as a kid, an inspiration I got from my grandfather who was a great author of articles and books. I was very much in love with the vibe of the pencil lead on paper. I preferred mostly the courses I could in writing and partook in workshops to compete with my neighborhood secondary. Upon graduation from secondary school I centered my mind more on making cash; subsequently I went to work and surrendered writing. However, it didnt take me longer before I attended a university I immediately understood that on the off chance that I needed to not work so hard for an insignificant measure of cash I would need to get a professional education in something that was viable yet gave personal time to write. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Sociological Imagination" essay for you Create order In college as I endeavored to pick a major I still found myself concentrating on what would earn me a lot of money as opposed to being content with what I was doing. I was firm to tail one of my interests and I picked Broadcast Journalism as my major since I could utilize my written work aptitudes and accomplish something I adored doing which was narrating through interacting with different individuals. How sociological imagination helps throughout my life is through visualizing about my future and focusing on a dream of me playing my role as a sports broadcaster or a games author in articles and books. On the off chance that sociological imagination is tied in with influencing an association with biographic events and my character for the life I desire not at all like my parents. I dont want to confine myself and my lifes objectives to an occupation for 30-40 years since I have a mortgage and motor vehicle installments, children and a spouse and the Joness living to the side of me. I need versatility and freedom and in particular I need to use the innovation that is out there to help me in having the life I imagine.

Civil War Spies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 696 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Civil War Essay War Essay Did you like this example? Ever wonder how people back then got their information needed to figure out who their enemies or who were the ones that went behind their back? Well you see back then people didnt get their information needed off the internet or from any electronic sources. Instead how most people got their information was through people who were considered as spies. Back then all their information was from out through spies. Spies from the civil war were people who would be under cover and find information of their enemies and report it back to their general. Even when the Union or the Confederacy had a good type of of military. All of their knowledge helped them throughout the civil war. But, as said before ever side had their own spies who helped them get the information needed from the other side to which they were against. Around the mid 1861, the General George B. McClellan hired the a detective who was named Allan Pinkerton to set up the first union espionage which was a organization. Allan Pinkerton was the founder of of his own detective agency which was located in Chicago. After Pinkerton collected some intelligence and gave all the information that he had collected and then reported it back to the Union general which was general George B. McClellan was the only general that Pinkerton worked for. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Civil War Spies" essay for you Create order Rose ONeal Greenhow was one of the first spies that Pinkerton was going after. A little after the first battle of the Bull Run, Pinkerton caught Rose and put her under surveillance but then later they captured her. Luckily, Greenhow was freed in July 1862, but got sent to Richmond. Around the year of 1861, coded reports were sent across the Potomac to Jordan who was all about the plan of the federal invasion. Bettie Duvall who was a young woman and was a courliers went undercover as a farm girl that way she was able to pass the union sentinelese which was leaving Washington. Then afterwards she rode to Virginia to deliver her. She didnt just report the information she had captured to some random person, she reported it to the confederate officers. One famous spy from the civil war was Pauline Cushman. Cushman was born originally as Harriet Wood. Before the war, Pauline was a New- Orleans actress who would travel the whole country. Cushman then later became a union spy in 1861. After getting promoted by the Confederates she later got hired as Pauline Cushman. Pauline was dared by a Confederate officer, while she was performing in Louisville, Kentucky. Later that evening, Pauline herself contacted the union army and volunteered to toast in a way to flatter herself towards the confederates. Later Cushman, quickly started her work, she started to gather information from their enemies or the other side and as soon as possible they reported it. Cushman then later served as a federal courier before she got suspected by the Confederate and then later got arrested. Another young spy was Antonia Ford, who was surprisingly born into a family who had lots of money. . Antonia was only 23 years old, to when she got provided by her intellige nce and started working for the confederate general. In any type of war, you didnt just show your loyalty by some sort of speech or anybodys appearance. Elizabeth Van Lew joined along with the some other Richmond unionist. They combined together to create an underground to delay the Confederate war effort, and to be able to help the soldiers that were ill and to help those soldiers who were held captive. There were many former slaves and some southern unionist who gave their knowledge to help the Union forces. Rebel Rose or Greenhow which was from Washington D.C and Belle Boyd who was from Virginia were celebrated in a Romantic Age. Afterall, every side both north or south, east or west, they each ended up having spies both males and females, for any side to gather up information that was needed from their enemies, and all to know their next move or to know their whole plan, all in order to be prepared and ready for war that was coming toward them.

A Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs - 952 Words

The book Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, tells the story of a slave girl named Linda Brent who fought many mental and physical battles throughout her life in order to oppose the system of slavery. This autobiography was written by Harriet Jacobs, known in the book as Linda Brent, and uses a multitude of psuedonyms in order to conceal the identity of those within the book. Harriet Jacobs had succeeded in putting forth a new, unconventional slave narrative that depicted the emotional and mental anguish slave women were subjected to on a daily basis. Through sexual victimization by their masters and the ever-present maternal fear of losing their children to the slave trade, slavery was a far more terrible fate for women than for men. Throughout her twenty-seven year life of being a slave, Harriet Jacobs attempted to defy the idea and social structure of slavery at every turn. Harriet Jacobs s early life was spent with her mother and father, both prosperous slaves. Jacobs states that she was shielded and never dreamed I was a piece of merchandise (29). When Jacobs s mother died she was sent to her mother s mistress. This mistress turned out to be quite kind and Jacobs was always glad to do her bidding, and proud to labor for her as much as my young years would permit (32). Jacobs s childhood was an important part of her growth, as she found her self-worth and confidence; a luxury most slaves did not have. This concept of self-worth will be key in the struggleShow MoreRelatedA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe book, Incidents in the Life of A Slave Girl starts off by introducing the us to a slave girl who is known as Linda who represents Harriet Jacobs. The books narrates the life Harriet who was born into slavery in 1813 near Edenton, North Carolina. The time period where racial slurs had been widely and slavery was very popular. She had not know she was a slave girl until the solid age of six years after her childhood ha d been demolished. The main idea for publishing this book was to show the hardshipRead MoreA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Jacobs1545 Words   |  7 Pages105 Section 514 April 10, 2017 Analysis of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl The autobiography Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl written by Harriet Jacobs illustrates the life of a former slave in the South who was subjected to mental and physical abuse by her slaveowner and details her escape to eventual freedom. After living through a long and tumultuous life of enslavement and abuse at the hands of her master, Jacobs was eventually able to escape to the North and write an autobiographyRead MoreA Rose For A Slave Girl By Harriet Ann Jacobs1516 Words   |  7 Pagesphysical appearance and ethnical background. In the novel Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl by Harriet Ann Jacobs, the author writes in her first point of views and recounts her experiences as a slave during this time in American history which helps brings the attention of social issues amongst African American slave. The main character, Linda, learns from late of her childhood the savagery of being a slave and the consequences she sees first hand of the hostilities her race has against herRead MoreA Woman Is Blessed With Many Abilities1156 Words   |  5 Pages black people, particularly black women’s’ lives were positioned in the hands of their slave holders. Black women in their case tendered the most hardships compared to their male counterparts. They mourned the most on loss. The loss of self-pride, holding on and protecting their families, dignity and most of all their humanity. In the times of the antebellum South, black slave women in the eyes of their slave masters were perceived as animals. Animals who do not have the right in the world to loveRead MoreHarriet Jacobs s Story : The True Meaning Of A Slave s Quest For Freedom1682 Words   |  7 PagesHarriet Jacobs’s story informs the reader of her experiences and transformative tribulations she had to undergo from childhood to adulthood. No one in today’s society could come close to comprehending the amount of heartache, torment, anguish, and complete misery women had to suff er and endure during slavery. However, we can all learn from Jacobs’s heartbreaking story to understand the true meaning of a slave’s quest for freedom and the inalienable bond a mother has for her children. Life was toughRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave By Harriet Jacob Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagespeople were treated so badly and it was â€Å"normal,† it was acceptable. These slaves lived and worked in very harsh conditions. I believe the only reason why we know so much about how bad slaves were treated is because of three autobiographies, Incidents in the Life of a Slave by Harriet Jacob, Autobiography of Frederick Douglass by Frederick Douglass, who had a huge impact during the times of slavery, and Twelve Years a Slave by Solomon Northup. Because of these three autobiographies historians canRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl, By Harriet Tubman And The Fight For Freedom1394 Words   |  6 Pagesof a Slave Girl†, â€Å"Harriet Tubman and the Fight for Freedom: A Brief History with Documents†, â€Å"Women, Race Class†, and â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave†. To enslaved black women, family was what their concept of freedom centered on. Harriet Jacobs’ painful story, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, focuses on her primary goal of attaining freedom for herself and her children, Benny and Ellen. To protect her children from Dr. Flint’s treatment, Linda, Harriet Jacobs’Read MoreThe Life Of Frederick Douglas s Narrative Of The Life Of A Slave Girl1378 Words   |  6 Pagesis exhibited in Jacob and Douglass’s narratives as they depict the human relationships between races through their description of the dehumanizing body of slavery. In the novel, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, set from early to middle 1800s in southern states, Frederick Douglas highlights the brutal aspects of slavery as he transitions into adulthood and seeks to obtain freedom, something that serves as a source of inspiration for former slaves. Similarly in the slave narrative, IncidentsRead MoreSlavery And The Slavery Of Slav ery Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesthemselves war or even used forms of resistance to define a free status. Freedom was more than just being a freeman or freewoman, it was about obtaining citizen and certain rights, not previously obtained. Slaves often were overworked, were separated from loved ones and made wealth possible for their slave masters; they were also tortured by their masters, in an inhumane way. But they often found ways to resist their masters, and the institution of slavery in a subtle or a suicidal way. The visions of freedomRead MoreSexual Exploitation Of Female Slaves During The American South1468 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Exploitation of Female Slaves in the American South â€Å"He told me that I was made for his use, made to obey his command in every thing; that I was nothing but a slave, whose will must and should surrender to his†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The treatment of slaves varied in their personal experiences as well as in the experiences of others they knew, but Harriet Jacobs phenomenally described the dynamics of the relationship between many female slaves and their superiors with these words from her personal narrative,

Cardiac Performance and Morphology in Adults MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Cardiac Performance and Morphology in Adults. Answer: Introduction: For the past few months, I have noticed that my body weight has sharply escalated to an extent that it is interfering with my daily activities. I have developed a tendency to gain weight. Drastic gain in body weight has altered my lifestyle in a significant manner. I am getting fatigued easily and is running out of breath on a slightly higher than usual physical exertion. I am also experiencing trouble sleeping since quite some time that I believe is linked to my gain in weight. My partner has also complained of my snoring at night that was not previously present which again may be attributed to the gain in weight. Throughout the day, I feel somewhat drowsy and lethargic and seem to have lost my vital strength and vigour. Moreover, I experience a terrific craving for sweets and other foodstuffs even after taking my meal and end up eating a lot infrequently. Under these circumstances, I wish to change this nagging health behaviour of unhealthy weight gain and instead indulge in a beha viour that will promote weight loss. I am keen to adopt weight loss strategy that will lead to a healthy lifestyle and ensure well being for myself. In course of my journey to achieve, my ultimate objective of weight loss to account for a healthier mode of life I would like to set certain goals for both short term as well as long term. As part of my short-term goals I would like to focus on my eating habits and curb down my daily dietary intake through extended use of low calorie meal replacements. Foods containing excessive amount of calorie and fat must be replace by low fat, low glycemic index foodstuffs so that energy homeostasis is maintained properly thereby aiding in weight loss (Johansson, Neovius and Hemmingsson 2014). Further as long-term goals I would like to incorporate dual therapy of exercise and anti-obesity drugs to help in mitigation of weight. Daily regime of mild to vigorous intensity exercise for at least 30 mins will aid in improving the cardiorespiratory fitness of the body in conjunction with maintenance of body weight. Aerobic mode of exercise has been recognized as an effective intervention therapy to cut down the body weight and in maintaining the health and wellbeing through supporting weight loss mechanism (Hopkins et al. 2014). I hope lifestyle modification will help to achieve this change. Costs/benefits analysis of changing your behaviour (incorporate literature into this section, explain the costs/benefits analysis tool. You can insert your own costs and benefits table into this section) The weight loss health behaviour although found to be an essentially good practice, yet it is important to measure the advantages and drawbacks associated with this change in behaviour. In this connection, recent empirical findings have suggested the utilization of the mindfulness based interventions to improve the weight loss mechanism. It has been found to diminish the binge eating, decrease the emotional eating for individuals engaged in such behaviours (Alpert et al. 2014). Thus the benefits acquired from weight loss are multiple as it will add to enhance the quality of living by means of improving the vital parameters of health through regulation of the caloric intake of the body. However, apart from the benefits, certain limitations or ill effects as observed due to weight loss in certain cases result in rapid decrease in blood pressure, loss of lean body mass, decreased energy, nutritional deficiency and malnutrition in addition to generation of some other eating disorders tha t might culminate in other erratic results (Major et al. 2014). Therefore the cost and benefit analysis following the weight loss regime must be strictly monitored to avoid unprecedented results thereby increasing the effectiveness of the interventions administered. Ideally, both exercise and diet need to be balanced to procure optimum outcomes. Impact of changing the behaviour on your lifestyle and health (explain how changing the behaviour will impact on your health and lifestyle, use literature to support your views) The impact of changing the behaviour related to weight loss might harbor changes that account for both short-term as well as long-term benefits. As far as the lifestyle interventions for achieving the weight loss and attaining healthy weight gain is concerned, accurate implementation of daily eating in correct proportions and doing exercises regularly is likely to result in better health outcomes through maintaining the caloric intake. Lipid profiles, blood pressure and the glycosylated haemoglobin status of the individuals who have recently undergone weight loss are found to be indicative of harbouring beneficial outcomes (Franz et al. 2015). Assessment carried out on the impact of weight loss on the health related quality of life stated that there is a reduction in BMI at follow up after weight loss. The diet pattern and frequency of participation in physical activity is also likely to undergo drastic improvement. Improvements in health are also likely to result in improving the en ergy levels, physical mobility, overall mood and self-confidence in the concerned persons (Rothberg et al. 2014). Therefore, the weight loss regime will result in affecting the lifestyle and health in the concerned individuals through alteration in the vital parameters indicative of a better health and wellbeing. Record your progress on a weekly basis (provide a brief weekly record of how you are progressing with your behaviour change, i.e. obstacles, benefits. You can insert your own table into this section and document your record under the date of your entry) Record of progression with behaviour change related to weight loss for six weeks: Week 1: Started following the diet pattern of small meals at regular intervals shunning the habit of taking large meals at a time. However could not give up completely on eating sweets and desserts. Week 2: Started on participating in moderate to vigorous intensity exercises for 10 mins on a daily basis to combat weight gain and ensure weight loss. In the first week lost 1 pound of weight. The healthy diet habit comprising of low carbohydrate, low fat food was followed. Week 3: During this time, the intensity and duration of performing the aerobic exercise was increased from 10 mins to 20 mins. For the first two days, it was really difficult to pursue the exercise regime for 20 mins. Green leafy vegetables, fibrous foods along with fruits were incorporated in the daily diet. Week 4: Started feeling better, the feeling of fatigue was gone. Mood elevation occurred with decreased symptoms of feeling breathless and exhausted on exertion. Exercise and diet was continued as before. Week 5: The exercise duration was increased to 30 mins. Weight was reduced by 2 pounds compared to the last week. Week 6: The combination of diet and exercise suited my health and the body weight was drastically reduced. Sleeping patterns improved with no complaints of snoring. Physical mobility and concern about body image also enhanced. Provide a reflection on your change journey (1,500 words) (incorporate literature into this reflection, as well as document how you could use your experiences when working with a person who has a substance-use disorder who wants to change their substance-related behaviours. You can also put in YouTube clips or other resources if you feel this would enhance your reflection) The journey for the attainment of weight loss was not at all easy for me. I struggled in my initial days to shun my bad habits that lead to the increase in the weight gain. I resorted to taking various actions in an effort to manage my weight. I used to feel very reluctant to undergo any sort of weight Management regime and was a little elusive of the fact that the weight loss schedule will be a laborious and ruthless task to perform. Further, I apprehended that I would not be able to resume my normal life in a manner that I used to follow in my leaner days. I was quite unsure of my progress and in curbing the behavioural responses that accounted for unhealthy weight gain. My life was dull and boring and I accepted that as my fate without having any urge to refrain from such behaviours that might adversely affect the health. I felt lazy and unmotivated constantly and was not on the lookout for improving my situation from the present condition. Day by day, my belly fat deposition kept on increasing with a concomitant surge in the waist as well as hip circumference. I literally appeared as a pumpkin. People used to mock at me because of my physical appearance. I was being repeatedly subjected to bullying at both indoor and outdoor environments that bogged down me from within completely. I avoided social interactions and tried to stay indoors as far as possible. I felt shattered and purposeless. However, the major turning point of my life came when my partner insisted that I take up my health issue seriously for myself and not for anyone else. I adopted certain key concepts related to weight loss to keep my weight gain issue at bay. I tried to establish a realistic goal to attain my purpose. In my partner, I found a steady support system, who helped me to achieve success through reaching my goal. I tried to be optimistic and emphasized in regulating my diet in a nutritionally acceptable manner. I also focused on my fitness and monitored my growth in the said timef rame seeking proper help from fitness professionals. I refrained from unnecessarily hurrying the process of weight loss. As part of my weight loss mechanism strategy, I relied on investing much time in the physical activity program for the sake of mitigating my body weight. Empirical researches have shown that exercise and physical activity play vital roles in both weight loss and maintenance. The numerous health benefits acquired from participation in the physical activity programs have been highlighted in studies that revealed health benefits from participating in such activities. Consistent with the public health recommendations that support for promoting modest weight loss, aerobic exercise training programs are found to be beneficial (Swift et al. 2014). Therefore, I chose moderate to vigorous intensity aerobic exercises to support for my health and in achieving my goal of weight loss. I did not skip my daily exercise regime and tried to adhere to the set guidelines and exercise prescriptions for resulting in the generation of best possible outcomes. Optimization of the exercise regime was done un der the strict supervision of the fitness professional who chalked out a proper plan for me to follow. The weight loss mechanisms were particularly targeted to improve the physical, behavioural, psychological and emotional indices. Health and wellbeing are constantly related to the weight and weight loss in case of the weight-normative approach to combat the ill effects of unhealthy weight gain (Tylka et al. 2014). Further researches have shown that the health related quality of life did not show significant improvement in terms of mental health but notable changes occurred with respect to physical health (Warkentin et al. 2014). However, upon undergoing the weight loss strategy I personally felt satisfied and I felt enhancement in moods as well. The acquisition of diet low in carbohydrate and fat in addition to higher content in fibre further accelerated my weight loss process. I averted junk food completely so that my body was habituated to the regime of weight loss. My cravings f or sweets were cut down significantly following participation to physical activity programs. Due to my overweight, I used to encounter several adjunct issues that exerted a significant influence on my sleeping patterns, as I felt insomniac and severely depressed at times due to disturbed sleeping. Insufficient sleep has been attributed to increase the risk for development of overweight and obesity. Sleep has been found to impact significantly in the performance of energy metabolism (Markwald et al. 2013). Thus, the process I went through to achieve my behavioural outcome of weight loss was an integrated one comprising of certain discrete elements that aided in achieving the set goal. Moreover, I feel that I may share my journey to achieve the desired health behavioural outcome of weight loss process that will further make way for motivating and encouraging people like those who suffer from substance use disorder to change their substance related behaviours. The usage of psychoactive drugs may lead to serious health adversities and are responsible for producing clinically significant impairments and distress. Rampant and unrestricted use of these drugs often lead to addiction that significantly alter the brain functioning. Thus in case of a person afflicted by substance use disorder, I will share my experience to account for changes that might be effective in addressing their issues and prevent relapse of the addiction through mitigation of the addictive symptoms. In this regard, apart from the treatment as usual consisting of the conventional modes of interventions, the relapse prevention as well as the mindfulness based relapse prevention approaches is found to harbor better outcomes (Bowen et al. 2014). Maintenance of abstinence in case of substance related disorder has been found to result from impulsive decision making thereby accounting for improved treatment retention ability. Thus, the vulnerability for poor addiction treatment prognosis is not attributed to behavioural responses and impulsivity is an important determinant in this context (Steven et al. 2014). I can relate this to my own case where the triggering moment to undergo weight loss regime changed my outlook towards following my health behaviour in a positive way. Personal will, self-motivation and stringent adherence to the set goals for oneself meant to personal enhancement all acted in my favour thereby prompting generation of holistic outcomes. Detoxification apart from the behavioural counselling are tried and tested methods to account for deftly tackling the substance use disorder among the vulnerable patients. Dysfunction in a common neurocomputational mechanism is a nother reason that underpins various disorders related to compulsion thereby leading to repetitive behaviours like that of substance use disorder (Voon et al. 2015). The stigma and unawareness involved with the substance use disorder are responsible for increasing the propensity to develop repeated craving for a particular substance without having proper knowledge about the potential ill effects that might happen out of such behaviours. Drugs, psychological interventions, treatments involving social resources can prevent and treat the substance use disorders (Patel et al. 2016). The application of the most suitable interventions in treating the disorders is recommended to deal with the individuals vulnerable to acquire the ill effects. Gaining from my own experience, I feel interventions are the most crucial part in intervening with a health related disorder. Additionally, I feel that the intervention to tackle the issue of substance use disorder must be prioritized and adequate measures must be taken in accordance with the established protocols and guidelines. Both prevention and treatment approaches must be undertaken to deal with the situation (Whiteford et al. 2013). Medication assisted therapy, alongside behavioural counselling and other interventions are suggested for improving the condition of the substance use disorder affected individuals. The goals and standards set in the treatment of substance use disorder need to be abided by to attain the desired level of treatment outcomes (Nathan and Gorman 2015). The disease burden of substance use disorder has been increasing globally and proportionately implementing the cost effective interventions. The co-morbidities that follow the substance use disorder can then only be mitigated satisfactorily (Whiteford et al. 2015). Hence, I feel measures from all ends encompassing the government, social and healthcare services must work in coalition to curb this menace of substance use disorder. Addition of withdrawal symptoms for several disorders, compliance to the nicotine criteria along with those meant for other substances in conjunction with addition of biomarkers, along with inclusion of non-substance and behavioural addictions are some of the recommended interventions to tackle the substance use disorder issue (Hasin et al. 2013). Therefore, I feel unlike any other behavioural related health disorder Management, added attention and care must be taken in case of the substance use disorder affected individuals. Careful supervision and support from authorized personnel, health and social care worker will accentuate the process. Psychological therapies must be given enough importance in this regard to tackle the situation (Roberts et al. 2016). 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